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Mar 082011
 
Ultimul update al paginii: 14 Aug 2021 10:53

De cele mai multe ori cunostiintele tehnice nu conteaza prea mult in rezultatul artistic obtinut in fotografie. Insa cunoasterea tehnica legata de fotografie si camere foto iti da sentimentul ca tu esti cel care controleaza camera si nu ea pe tine. Odata lamurite unele aspecte tehnice este mai usor sa obti rezultate bune repetitive.

Am decis sa impartasesc cu altii diverse informatii care le-am aprofundat eu in ultimul an (2010-2011) pentru o intelegere mai buna a modului cum functioneaza camerele foto digitale dar si procesarea imaginii (in-camera sau externa). Nu sunt chestii simplu de inteles, deci dupa titlu e clar ca articolul se adreseaza celor care stapanesc deja bazele intelegerii electronicii si a camerelor foto.

Incerc sa impart linkurile pe capitole in functie de subiectul major la care se refera, desi unele linkuri acopera subiecte multiple sau legate intre ele. Linkurile de multe ori vor fi puse spre anumite postari mai deosebite ale unor forumuri, dar uneori va trebui sa cititi toata discutia ca sa intelegeti mai exact despre ce este vorba, la fel cum am citit eu toata discutia ca sa dau peste acele postari interesante. Unele linkuri vor fi insotite de notite, explicatii sau interpretari facute de mine.

New 2016: Citeste si partea 2 a acestui articol

==============================================================

Capitole

I. CONTINUT

1. Noise

2. Histograme raw

3. Tehnica UniWB

4. Fake Iso

5. Quarantizare

6. Conversia Raw

7. Constructia senzorilor

8. Metering & Dynamic Range

9. Software

10. Autofocus si Constructie

11. Diverse

II. UTILIZATORI AVANSATI

==============================================================

I. CONTINUT

1. NOISE

“BIBLIA” zgomotul digital scrisa de fizicianul Emil Martinec (nick “ejmartin” pe forumuri):

http://theory.uchicago.edu/~ejm/pix/20d/tests/noise/

Este cea mai buna (completa) lucrare scrisa pentru intelegerea surselor de noise care alcatuiesc zgomotul total dintr-o imagine, dar totodata induce si explicarea functionarii interna a camerei digitale in procesarea semnalului de la senzor pana la imaginea finala. Este o lucrare lunga si care se bazeaza pe experientele si masuratorile a mai multor utilizatori avansati (citati in articol). Pentru a o intelege mi-a luat cateva zeci de ore de citire si recitire pe parcursul a 2 saptamani, intercalate cu citirea a diverse explicatii pe forumuri, dar a meritat descifrata.

Chestii interesante de prin articol:

-Cum reuseste Canon sa pastreze perfect histograma raw la valorile apropiate de zero (near black), spre deosebire de Nikon:
“Canon applies an offset or bias to the signal from the sensor; a constant voltage is added to the signal from the sensor before the signal is quantized in the ADC. Although voltage fluctuations can be either positive or negative, a fluctuation of negative amount will get clipped to zero upon quantization, since the output of the ADC is a non-negative integer raw value. By adding a bias or offset voltage, the full histogram of noise is preserved, since a small negative fluctuation from the offset value is still a positive number”

-la valorile ISO intermediare Canon seria 1D are 2 trepte de amplificare, la xxD si xxxD amplificarea se face software (fakeiso), in timp ce Nikon foloseste doar 1 treapta de amplificare:

“Nikon appears to use a single variable gain amplifier to implement all ISO settings, as is indicated by the D300 data (I don’t yet have data on all intermediate ISO’s for the Nikon D3). Higher end Canon models implement ISO gain via a two-stage amplification system; one amplifier for the “main” ISO’s 100-200-400-800-1600 etc, and a second-stage amplification to implement the “intermediate” ISO’s 125-250-500-1000 etc. and 160-320-640-1250 etc.”

– producatorii de aparate foto folosesc fakeiso la valori iso mari pentru ca functia read noise/ISO este o functie exponentiala (vezi grafic) nu liniara:

“The read noise vs. ISO graphs show that, at some point around ISO 1600 to 3200, it ceases to make much difference whether the ISO gain is implemented as a hardware amplification or as a software multiplication of the highest hardware ISO. For instance, on the 1D3 the read noise 26.2 ADU at ISO 3200 is just about double the value 13.4 ADU at ISO 1600. This is why the so-called extended high ISO settings on Canon and Nikon (ISO 6400 on the 1D3, ISO 3200 on the 1Ds3 and 5D; all ISO’s above 6400 on the D3) are implemented in software after digitization rather than as hardware amplifications — the read noise will be the same, and its magnitude is so much higher than the quantization step that the “missing” levels after multiplying the raw values by 2, 4, 8, etc to make the extended ISO’s have no effect whatsoever (they are once again dithered away by the noise)”

=================

alte explicatii ale noiseului:

http://www.josephjamesphotography.com/equivalence/#noise

=================
ce inseamna Shot Noise (sau Photon Noise)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shot_noise

=================

Pattern noise:

diverse proprietati ale senzorilor sau obiectivelor
http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/en/Learn-more/DxOMark-database/Measurements/Noise

chestie interesanta in articolul DXO de mai sus: “Transfer process noise: The process of charge transfer may be incomplete or interfere with adjacent photosites, thereby generating noise. ”
este defapt Pattern noise ?

in lucrarea lui Emil Martinec http://theory.uchicago.edu/~ejm/pix/20d/tests/noise/ nu este explicata prea clar sursa acestuia ci doar efectul Pattern noise-ului.
=================
o comparatie intre senzorii canon 40D si nikon D300
http://theory.uchicago.edu/~ejm/pix/20d/posts/tests/D300_40D_tests/

1) explicatie de ce lipsesc anumite valori la hi ISO.
“for the 40D, the high-ISO extension to 3200 is achieved as a push of ISO 1600, by multiplying all raw values by two after quantization and hence there are no odd levels populated in the raw file”
2) valorile scrise in raw sunt balansate pentru color matrixul camerei ?
“The anomalous discrepancy in ‘gain’ observed in different color channels is attributable to a software multiplication of the digital signal after quantization but before writing out the raw data. Looking at the histograms of the three channels, there are no gaps in the green channel data, while there are gaps in the blue data indicating that it has been rescaled by a factor 20/17~1.18 after quantization; and gaps in the red data indicating a rescaling by a factor 11/9~1.22 after quantization. Correcting for these factors, all three color channels exhibit the same sensitivity for the underlying photodetector, as they should.”
=================
teste de noise blackframe (read noise) la diverse camere
http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~par24/rawhistogram/
aici explica niste probleme care le au testarile

http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=27948527
=================
despre cat de mult conteaza READ NOISE (blackframe noise) vs SHOT NOISE (photon noise) in imaginile realworld
http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=24697033

=================
Grafic cu nivelele de read noise ale lui 1Ds m3
http://www.openphotographyforums.com/forums/showthread.php?t=4771

in acelasi thread exista explicatie de ce se presupune ca 1Dm3s foloseste amplificare (gain) suplimentara pt valorile intermediare
http://www.openphotographyforums.com/forums/showpost.php?p=75889&postcount=21
1) Punctele rezultate la iso intermediare au nevoie de 2 parabole pentru a fi unite (deci ar trebui sa existe 2 “gains” G1,G2). gains este castigul amplificarii.
2) Una din 5 coloane de la graficul raw lipseste datorita digitizarii cu 5/4 = 1.25 = 0.33Ev

=================
1Dm3, 1Dm4, 7D nu au noise banding (in comparatie cu 20D, 50D, 5Dm2) ?
http://www.chassimages.com/forum/index.php/topic,59958.0.html

=================
Noise Reduction in spatiu de culoare LAB
tutorial  http://tricks.onigo.net/guides/2005/09/noise-reduction-step-by-step.html
o chestie interesanta:

http://www.pentaxforums.com/forums/digital-processing-software-printing/62098-lab-mode-noise-reduction.html#post619804

confirmare de la un developer RAW http://www.ojodigital.com/foro/perfectraw-perfectblend/265272-amaze-el-nuevo-algoritmo-de-interpolacion-2.html#post3060745

==============================================================

2. HISTOGRAME RAW

de ce se foloseste histograma RAW:

http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=19020535

histograma raw continand spatii la valorile intermediare de iso se poate vedea folosind urmatoarele METODE (programe):

—varianta I: http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~par24/rawhistogram/rawhistogram.html

Pas 1: Se descarca DCRAW (http://www.insflug.org/raw/file_download/3/dcraw.exe) un convertor raw cu linie de comanda. trebuie sa se converteasca fisierul RAW in format PGM

Pas 2: Pt. usurarea conversiei se poate folosi o interfata grafica pt DCRAW (dcrawGUI la http://dafnis.galeon.com/dcrawGUI-en.htm)
ce setari se folosesc http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=19011443

Pas 3a: Se deschide fisierul PGM si se creaza histograma numerica cu programul Rawhistogram ( http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~par24/rawhistogram/findcombedraws.zip )
explicatie la outputul numeric (histograma numerica): http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=19090048

Pas 3b: Se deschide fisierul cu programul Histogrammar http://www.guillermoluijk.com/tutorial/histogrammar/index_en.htm

—varianta II:
Pas 1: Se deschide fisierul RAW cu IRIS care este un convertor RAW pentru astrofotografie.
Pas 2: Se merge la View => Histogram
Pas 3: Se trage cu mouseul de marginea ferestrei pentru a mari histograma.

mai detaliat cum se seteaza IRIS http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=19131963

—varianta III:
Pas 1: Se deschide fisierul Raw in programul Rawanalyse

=================
histogramele din camera sunt false (raspuns Chuck Westfall de la Canon)
http://photography-on-the.net/forum/showpost.php?p=5558952&postcount=49
=================
explicatie de ce lipsesc anumite valori din histograma, mai bine spus se explica modul in care se poate realiza amplificarea ISO pornind de la ISO de baza:
http://www.openphotographyforums.com/forums/showpost.php?p=7220&postcount=44

==============================================================

3. TEHNICA UNIWB

explicatie tehnica uniWB
http://www.pentaxforums.com/forums/pentax-dslr-discussion/68043-finally-camera-raw-histogram.html (a facut teste ca sa afle ce setari se fac la Picture Style incat histograma JPEG din camera sa fie aproximativ la fel cu cea RAW facuta de Rawanalyse. tehnica se numeste UniWB. explicatie aici http://www.malch.com/nikon/UniWB.html ).

=================

cum se poate face cu chart cu calibrarea uniWB
http://forum.luminous-landscape.com/index.php?topic=22250
PRINCIPIU “In order to coax the camera into applying (1.0, 1.0), you have to provide a sample shot, which represents the inverse proportions of the raw colors from a white sample shot under certain lighting conditions.”

=================

o metoda mai simpla de uniWB
http://photography-on-the.net/forum/showthread.php?t=485349
o alta metoda pe acelasi thread http://photography-on-the.net/forum/showpost.php?p=5486243&postcount=18

=================

in ce masura contribuie setarile camerei la histograma raw

http://forum.luminous-landscape.com/index.php?topic=22062.msg164334#msg164334

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4. FAKE ISO

doar inca o discutie despre efectele fakeISO
http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=19287261

=================

de ce imaginile la pushed ISO (fake hiISO) arata mai prost decat cele la ISO real
http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=15568520

=================
fake la ISO mare la 5Dm2 – histograme
http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1032&message=34325554

=================
de ce ISO160 este ISO200 supraexpus cu +0.33 stop
http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=19934836

=================
de ce fake ISO facut in convertorul RAW ar putea fi mai prost decat cel din camera
http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=36069911

==============================================================

5. QUARANTIZARE

despre Quarantizarea imaginilor
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantization_(signal_processing)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantization_(image_processing)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_quantization
=================
despre ADU (analog digital unit)
http://www.princetoninstruments.com/library/glossary.aspx#adu

===================
de ce folosesc producatorii convertoare ADC de 14biti
http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1039&message=28113472

====================
cati biti sunt necesari pentru RAW
http://forum.luminous-landscape.com/index.php?topic=22250.msg167299#msg167299

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6. CONVERSIA RAW
ce inseamna output liniar la un convertor RAW (de exemplu DCRAW)

http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=15566059
=================
teste diversi algoritmi de demozaicare RAW
http://www.ojodigital.com/foro/perfectraw-perfectblend/300022-standard-demosiac-test-raws.html

=================

cum se face conversia RAW
http://www.normankoren.com/digital_tonality.html

==============================================================

7. CONSTRUCTIA SENZORILOR

despre filtrele de culoare (patternul bayer) si color matrix
http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=15575230
http://www.dxomark.com/index.php/en/Learn-more/DxOMark-database/Measurements/Color-sensitivity

=================

este bine sa ai mai multi pixeli mai mici sau mai putin pixeli mai mari ?
http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1018&message=37483015

se pare ca eficienta colectarii fotonilor pe o suprafa egala este superioara senzorilor cu sensel mai mic.

==================
E J Martin – parere despre puterea filtrelor AA
http://www.ojodigital.com/foro/perfectraw-perfectblend/265272-amaze-el-nuevo-algoritmo-de-interpolacion.html#post2930236

===================
cum sunt construite microlentilele
http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=27973527

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8. METERING si DYNAMIC RANGE

METERING CANON vs NIKON

Intrebare: Senzorul de metering de la Canon ar putea fi compus din tot atatia pixeli ca si nikon, si ca defapt cele 63 de zone contin la randul lor mai multi pixeli ?

am intrat pe Canon camera musseum sa vad ce scrie pe acolo la camera mea (1Dm3). la sfarsitul articolului am vazut senzorul de metering si aria zonelor masurate.
http://www.canon.com/camera-museum/tech/report/200703/200703.html
intrigat de ce am vazut, am mai cautat si am mai dat si peste imagini asemanatoare de la 7D
http://www.digitalreview.ca/content/Canon-7D-SLR.shtml
http://www.steves-digicams.com/camera-reviews/canon_7d_metering_sensor.jpg

apoi am cautat si pt nikon
http://imaging.nikon.com/products/imaging/technology/d-archives/history-f5/index.htm#2
http://www.fareastgizmos.com/digital_cameras/nikon_announces_nikon_d3100_digital_slr_with_full_high_definition_video_and_live_view.php
http://www.imaging-resource.com/PRODS/D3/D3A5.HTM
http://www.pixiq.com/article/nikon-matrix-metering

dupa cum se vede la nikon “pixelii” (cum ii numeste producatorul) sunt delimitati clar de niste spatii, care probabil au rolul de a impiedica transferul de electroni intre fotodiode (sensel). ceea ce ma duce cu gandul ca cele 63 “zone” de la canon sunt defapt pixeli individuali (sensel) , eventual doar mai mari ca marime. faptul ca nu se vad deloc spatii in interiorul celor 63 zone la canon (mai ales in ultima imagine unde e marit mai mult) ma face sa cred ca 1 zona NU este alcatuita din mai multi pixeli, ci este defapt 1 singur pixel.
de asemenea se vede ceva ca un romb in interiorul “zonei”. aici http://cpn.canon-europe.com/content/education/infobank/exposure_settings/iFCL_metering.do ar sugera se folosesc 2 straturi.
daca ne uitam la un patent a unui astfel de senzor in straturi http://www.freepatentsonline.com/20090303371.pdf vedem de pe la figura 26 incolo de ce are o asemenea constructie in care senselul seamana cu un romb.

dupa cum arata senzorul CCD de la nikon in ultima pagina , adica pixeli colorati diferit, pare a fi un pattern bayer. deci pentru masurarea luminii trebuie facut color matrix pentru a egaliza lumina provenita de la filtre cut-off de valori diferite, iar pentru a recunoaste culoarea necesara pt AF color tracking trebuie facuta demozaicare.

====================

ETTR (esposure to the right) este un procedeu de expunere a unei imagini sa fie cat mai luminoasa pana la limita de suprasaturatie a albului (highlight cliping), apoi se va subexpune din convertorul raw. in acest fel vom avea mai putin noise decat pe o imagine expusa normal (18% grey).

Exposure to the right un mit ?
http://www.rags-int-inc.com/PhotoTechStuff/ETTR/

====================

articol despre DYNAMIC RANGE

http://translate.google.com/translate?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guillermoluijk.com%2Farticle%2Fdigitalp02%2Findex.htm&langpair=es|en
====================
cum sa faci auto-exposure bracketing (AEB) fara sa basculeze oglinda folosind liveview
http://forum.luminous-landscape.com/index.php?topic=22250.msg166643#msg166643

9. SOFTWARE

HISTOGRAMMAR – software avansat pt histograme
http://www.guillermoluijk.com/tutorial/histogrammar/index_en.htm
=================
Software pentru analiza RAW inclusiv histograma
http://rawnalyze.rawtherapee.com/
=================
ZERO NOISE – soft pt combinarea a unei imagini normale si a uneia supraexpuse cu +4Ev , pt a avea zgomot mic in umbre (un fel de HDR)

http://www.guillermoluijk.com/article/nonoise/index_en.htm
===================
ImagePlus – convertor interesant pt astrofotografie

http://www.mlunsold.com/ILCameraControl.html

===================

software pt autofocus micro-ajustment

http://www.reikan.co.uk/focal/index.html

==============================================================

10. AUTOFOCUS SI CONSTRUCTIE

Testele de autofocus a magazinului frantuzesc FNAC care am inteles ca este cel mai mare magazin de produse electronice a Frantei. Se pare ca au niste reviste in care testeaza echipamentele inclusiv aparate foto.
Au un banc special in care testeaza Autofocusul camerelor. Nu imi amintesc sa mai fi vazut vreun site sau revista care sa aiba un test de autofocus asa bine pus la punct, cu conditii repetabile pt toate camerele. Asa arata bancul:

banc test autofocus FNAC

Metodologia de testare tradusa folosing google translator:
“The Lab Fnac was the first to have a test bench capable of simulating the movement of a subject at any speed from 0 to 300 km / hour, and any distance. We scheduled for two tests: the first measures the path taken by a child trotting to 5 mph. Is triggered when there is 5 meters from the device. The focal length is equivalent to 80 mm in 24 x 36, suitable for this type of photo. The second is triggered at 50 m from the subject moving at 50 mph, with focal length equivalent to 200mm. Measures burst position, to get the distance traveled for the first photo, but also how the product is capable of taking, and where. And how are net, what we have symbolized by a color code in the graphic result of each unit.
50 mile/ora = 22,3 metri/secunda ; 5 mile/ora = 2,2 metri/secunda
Aici este semificatia culorilor:

semificatii culori AF fnac

Deci eu inteleg ca testul 1 este un fel de timp de reactie pe ansablu a echipamentului la achizitia subiectului, foarte util atunci cand se intampla un moment surprinzator si doriti sa il surprindeti.
Testul 2 este focus tracking, chiar daca vitezele par de 10 ori mai mare ca la primul test defapt nu este chiar asa. pentru ca la testul 1 distanta e de vreo 10 ori mai aproape de camera, viteza relativa (cursa de focus) este cam la fel. dupa cum vedeti la testul 2 putine camere sunt capabile sa focuseze sub 10 metri.

camere 2015 http://multimedia.fnac.com/multimedia/editorial/labo/dossier_hybrides_reflex.pdf (Updated 2017-07)
camere 2013 http://multimedia.fnac.com/multimedia/editorial/labo/reflex_2013_v8.pdf
camere 2012 http://multimedia.fnac.com/multimedia/editorial/labo/reflex_2012.pdf
camere 2011 (2) http://multimedia.fnac.com/multimedia/editorial/labo/reflex-3-2011.pdf
camere 2011 http://multimedia.fnac.com/multimedia/editorial/labo/reflex_2011.pdf
camere 2010 http://multimedia.fnac.com/multimedia/editorial/labo/dossier-labo-fnac-photo-objectifs-interchangeables-2010.pdf
camere 2009 http://multimedia.fnac.com/multimedia/editorial/pdf/dossier_techniques_2009/dossier-fnac-reflex-photo-ete-2009.pdf
camere 2008 http://multimedia.fnac.com/multimedia/editorial/pdf/dossiers_techniques_2008/photo_ete2008.pdf [au scala inversata]
camere 2007 http://www.fnac.be/images/files/pdf/Fnac_dossierPhoto2007_nl.pdf  [au scala inversata] (trebuie dat refresh de mai multe ori cateodata)

Bineinteles acesta este un test brut al punctului de focus central, ignorand avantajele care ti le-ar oferii in practica mai multe puncte de focus, sau color tracking care il are nikon, sau nici nu testeaza ce mai ramane din capabilitatea AF in lumina slaba. Insa totusi e ciudat ca autofocusul lui D7000 care se lauda cu un nou senzor de focus si noi algoritmi software de AF este foarte lent la achizitia primului cadru si nu se descurca prea bine nici in al doilea test sub 10 metri (Update: se pare ca rezultatele proaste veneau din cauza obiectivului. Intr-o editie mai noua a testelor impreuna cu alt obiectiv scoate rezultate bune in testul 1). Pe de alta parte aparate ieftine ca si Canon 1000D produc surpriza totala.
De asemenea banuiesc ca sunt facute cu setarile camerei pe default iar camere profesionale ca Nikon D… sau Canon 1D… au o multime de setari la focus care ar putea afecta performantele. De asemenea nu se spune nimic de firmware (softul camerei) care ar putea aduce modificari de la o versiune la alta.

===================
teste autofocus
http://www.prophotohome.com/news/2010/03/01/autofocus-torture-test-updated-canon-1d-mkiv-nikon-d3s-added/
testul se face cu 300/2.8 la ambele monturi, cu camera in AF continuu si setarile de fabrica (default).

===================

teste rezistenta la umezeala si frig – weather sealing

http://www.luminous-landscape.com/essays/antarctica-2009-worked.shtml

===================

pentru ca AF noilor camere Canon sa lucreze bine au nevoie de obiective mai noi

http://www.lensrentals.com/blog/2012/08/autofocus-reality-part-3b-canon-cameras

===================

despre AF camerelor 1Dx si 5D mark III

http://learn.usa.canon.com/resources/articles/2011/1dx_af_precision_crosstype_article.shtml

==============================================================

11. DIVERSE
de ce fisierele TIFF dau uneori eroare la deschidere in anumite programe
http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=15608236

===================
de ce testele DXO au o problema
http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1036&message=37056521

==============================================================

II. UTILIZATORI AVANSATI

Dupa cativa ani de informare in domeniul fotografiei, ajungi la un stadiu avansat in intelegerea aparaturii foto. Discutiile de pe forumuri mai ales cele romanesti dar si cele straine incep sa ti se para plicticoase pentru ca trateaza repetiv subiecte care s-au discutat deja. Mereu sunt un val de incepatori care au nevoie de aceleasi informatii, care provoaca aceleasi discutii. Ajungi sa citesti sute de postari ca sa inveti ceva nou sau sa gasesti o idee interesanta.

Solutia pentru a nu mai pierde vremea citind informatii comune (common knowledge) este sa gasesti utilizatorii avansati in intelegerea camerelor foto si sa le citesti postarile si discutiile in care sunt implicati. De asemenea multe informatii se pot acumula si de pe siturile unor veterani ale imagisticii ca Roger Clark , Norman Koren sau Christian Buil, care la prima vedere par invechite dar care contin multe informatii de baza necesare pentru buna intelegere a principiilor de functionare a camerelor foto.

===================
John Sheehy
http://www.dpreview.com/members/8284755372
http://www.openphotographyforums.com/forums/member.php?u=1005
http://forum.luminous-landscape.com/index.php?action=profile;u=17524
===================
Guillermo Luijk / _GUI_  (retras)
http://www.guillermoluijk.com/tutorial/index_en.htm
http://www.dpreview.com/members/862335757
http://forum.luminous-landscape.com/index.php?action=profile;u=19353
http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/forums/members/m90.htm
galerie: http://www.pbase.com/gluijk/
===================
Emil Martinec / EJ Martin (retras)
http://www.dpreview.com/members/5499213282
http://forum.luminous-landscape.com/index.php?action=profile;u=28747
http://www.openphotographyforums.com/forums/member.php?u=4709
===================
Iliah Borg (developerul programului Fast Raw Viewer si librariei LibRaw)
http://www.dpreview.com/members/4752561233
===================
Peter Ruevski / Ruevs (retras)
http://www.dpreview.com/members/1098351062
http://www.openphotographyforums.com/forums/member.php?u=784
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Gabor Schreiner / GaborSch / Panopeeper  (developerul programului RawAnalyze) – a murit in 2010
http://www.dpreview.com/members/505319714
http:/forum.luminous-landscape.com/index.php?action=profile;u=29692
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Bart van der Wolf
http://www.openphotographyforums.com/forums/member.php?u=623
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Chuck Westfall – reprezentant Canon USA
http://www.openphotographyforums.com/forums/member.php?u=163
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Falc Lumo / falconeye
http://www.dpreview.com/members/8694339481
http://www.pentaxforums.com/forums/members/falconeye.html
http://falklumo.blogspot.com
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bobn2 ( creatorul siteului http://www.sensorgen.info )
http://www.dpreview.com/members/8211010628/
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Klaus Schroiff / Klaus – editorul siteului photozone.de
http://forum.photozone.de/index.php?app=core&module=search&do=user_activity&mid=5407
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CITESTE SI PARTEA 2 A ACESTUI ARTICOL

  6 Responses to “Imagistica avansata – part I – original”

  1. Cata informatie! 😀 Nu te apuci si de niste tutoriale despre ce, cat si cum se editeaza fotografiile macro? Stiu sigur ca asta m-ar interesa pe mine!

    • nu prea am ce tutoriale sa fac care sa ajute prea mult. eu aplic in general doar noise reduction pe background si sharpen pe subiect, si fac niste reglaje de levels si color balance. sunt chestii basic.

  2. Am vazut fotografii superbe pe acest site…si am o curiozitate: folosesti PS in editarea lor?
    si inca una:
    Cum reusesti sa obti fondul acela verde la imaginile cu insecte (un gandac albastru metalizat, libelula etc.) sau pasari (in sectiunea cu cele mai bune fotografii) ?

    • folosesc PS pt cele din galeria fotonatura si sectiunea “cele mai bune” de pe blog. restul de pe blog sunt “out of camera”.
      pt background blurat trebuie o focala cat mai lunga, si sa ai backgroundul departe de subiectul focusat. de exemplu iarba sa fie la 2m in spatele gandacului, sau padurea la 50m in spatele pasarii. la pasari ajuta si diafragmele luminoase (f2.8 ; f4).
      o sa incerc sa scriu candva un articol mai amanuntit, despre editare soft si tehnica de teren.

  3. […] Inainte de aparitia siteului DXOmark masuratorile de zgomot in Raw au fost facute doar de unii utilizatori inteligenti ca John Shelby, Peter Ruevsky, […]

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